What should a PCT examine prior to applying a blood pressure cuff on a new patient?

Before applying a blood pressure cuff on a new patient, it is essential for a Patient Care Technician (PCT) to examine the patient's access. This is particularly important because the presence of any vascular access device (such as a fistula or graft) used for hemodialysis can influence where blood pressure is measured. Applying a blood pressure cuff on the same arm as an active vascular access could lead to complications such as thrombosis or injury to the access site. Therefore, the PCT must check the patient's access to ensure that the cuff is applied safely and appropriately, typically on the opposite arm if access is present.

Considering the other aspects mentioned in the options, reviewing the patient's medical history may provide context about their condition and needs, the medication list could indicate any medications affecting blood pressure, and checking vital signs is necessary for overall assessment. However, the most critical factor directly influencing the use of a blood pressure cuff is the patient's access, which takes precedence to prevent any potential harm or inaccuracies in measurement.